http://www.philographikon.com
"I am the first child of my parents. I have a small brother at home. If the first child were a son, my parents might be happy and would be confident as their future is assured by having a son. But I am a daughter. I complete all the household tasks, go to school, again do the household activities in the evening, and at night only I do my school homework and I study. Despite all the activities, my parents do not give value or recognition to me. They only have praise for my brother, as he is the son." (15-year-old girl from Nepal)
http://dayofthegirl.org
http://dayofthegirl.org
The Beginning
-In colonial
times, only the wealthy could afford to educate their children. During this
time, girls were banned from furthering their educations beyond the most basic
level.
www.ehow.com
www.ehow.com
-In the past, women with little education often believed that
they were not capable of things like participating in politics, having a career
or even owning property.
-The level and manner of women’s education in colonial America was largely dependent on race, class, and location. In general, the purpose of women’s education in colonial America was to become skilled at household duties and chores in order to find a suitable husband. A woman who was highly educated in academics was thought to be unusual and not sought after. There were, however, exceptions to this standard.
nwhm.org
-The level and manner of women’s education in colonial America was largely dependent on race, class, and location. In general, the purpose of women’s education in colonial America was to become skilled at household duties and chores in order to find a suitable husband. A woman who was highly educated in academics was thought to be unusual and not sought after. There were, however, exceptions to this standard.
nwhm.org
In 1859 all Chinese were excluded from the San Francisco
public schools, demonstrating the history of discrimination faced by all people
of Asian ancestry. In 1926 Alice Yu became the first Chinese American school
teacher in California.
The Importance of Title IX of the Education Amendments of
1972
2012 is the 40th anniversary of the passage of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. This ground- breaking legislation for the first time mandated equal opportunity for females and males in all fields of federally-funded public education. The passage of Title IX changed American education more than any other legislation. The educational reforms brought about by Title IX have been a driving force in challenging countless, long-help assumptions and legal barriers concerning women. The passage of Title IX changed American education more than any other legislation.
www.nwhp.org
Start of Colleges
Colleges for girls began rising across the country in the mid 1800’s. While many female colleges were built from scratch, some girls' schools like Mt. Holyoke female seminary were turned into colleges. Others girls' schools chose to remain finishing schools and served as an alternative to college. For many newly established women’s colleges, the goal was to offer women a serious collegiate education similar to that of men’s colleges, but others remained more conservative and still did not offer women the same level of curriculum. The more serious women’s colleges required their students to pass rigorous admissions tests and held them to a high standard of curricular achievement.
The first college to admit women was Oberlin college which was chartered in 1833. Oberlin was founded by a group of abolitionists and from its beginning admitted both African Americans and women. Being located in Oberlin, Ohio the college serves as an example of greater opportunities in the west. Although the college admitted women, their courses were still restricted. They were not allowed to participate in certain courses that were meant just for men. The “Ladies' Course” emphasized motherhood over careers. Facing both sexism and racism, the first black woman to receive a degree, Mary Jane Patterson, did not graduate until 1862, despite the fact that around 140 black women had studied at the school between the years 1835-1865.
nwhm.org
10 AMERICAN COLLEGES THAT PAVED THE WAY FOR WOMEN
1. Moravian College: Like many of the colleges and universities listed here, Moravian College began life as a seminary, established in 1742.
2. Salem College: Founded in 1772 under the name of Little Girls’ School, this private liberal arts school in Winston-Salem, North Carolina holds the distinction of being America’s oldest women’s college continuing to label itself as such.
2. Salem College: Founded in 1772 under the name of Little Girls’ School, this private liberal arts school in Winston-Salem, North Carolina holds the distinction of being America’s oldest women’s college continuing to label itself as such.
ncpedia.org
3. Oberlin College: When it came to integrating sexes and races, Oberlin College (est. 1833 in Oberlin, Ohio) rightfully prides itself on its place at the forefront of progressivism.
4. Mount Holyoke College: The first of the prestigious Seven Sisters, Mary Lydon chartered Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in 1836, with a collegiate one following in 1888.
5. Wesleyan College: One of numerous colleges and universities known as Wesleyan, the Macon, Georgia institution chartered in 1836 and opened in 1839 has "First for Women" as its motto for a reason.
6. Moore College of Art: Women hoping to attend art school and pursue their creative dreams have Moore College of Art and Design to thank for paving the way. This Philadelphia, Pennsylvania institution began life in 1848 as the Philadelphia School of Design for Women with the hopes of training students to thrive during the Industrial Revolution.
7. Mills College: Originally known as Young Ladies, Seminary, the Benicia, California-based Mills College launched in 1852 under the tutelage of Mary Atkins.
8. College of Notre Dame of Maryland: Although CNDM was established in 1873, it was 1899 when it became the first Catholic women’s college to offer a bachelor’s degree.
9. Spelman College: Spelman College began life in 1881, with classes held in the basement of Atlanta, Georgia-based Friendship Baptist Church. It holds the honor of being the very first institute of higher learning dedicated to giving African-American women the education necessary to succeed.
10. H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College at Tulane University: Established in 1886 as a memorial to Josephine Louise Newcomb’s daughter, this school was the very first women’s college to coordinate with an American university.
www.onlinecolleges.net,
4. Mount Holyoke College: The first of the prestigious Seven Sisters, Mary Lydon chartered Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in 1836, with a collegiate one following in 1888.
5. Wesleyan College: One of numerous colleges and universities known as Wesleyan, the Macon, Georgia institution chartered in 1836 and opened in 1839 has "First for Women" as its motto for a reason.
6. Moore College of Art: Women hoping to attend art school and pursue their creative dreams have Moore College of Art and Design to thank for paving the way. This Philadelphia, Pennsylvania institution began life in 1848 as the Philadelphia School of Design for Women with the hopes of training students to thrive during the Industrial Revolution.
7. Mills College: Originally known as Young Ladies, Seminary, the Benicia, California-based Mills College launched in 1852 under the tutelage of Mary Atkins.
8. College of Notre Dame of Maryland: Although CNDM was established in 1873, it was 1899 when it became the first Catholic women’s college to offer a bachelor’s degree.
9. Spelman College: Spelman College began life in 1881, with classes held in the basement of Atlanta, Georgia-based Friendship Baptist Church. It holds the honor of being the very first institute of higher learning dedicated to giving African-American women the education necessary to succeed.
10. H. Sophie Newcomb Memorial College at Tulane University: Established in 1886 as a memorial to Josephine Louise Newcomb’s daughter, this school was the very first women’s college to coordinate with an American university.
www.onlinecolleges.net,
Mary Wollstonecraft
![Picture](/uploads/2/5/5/0/25507418/6689717.jpg?302)
Mary Wollstonecraft also argues for the right of woman to be educated, because she is primarily responsible for the education of the young. Before 1789 and her Vindication of the Rights of Man, she was known primarily as a writer about education of children, and she still accepts this role as a primary role for woman as distinct from man.
Mary Wollstonecraft goes on to argue that educating women will strengthen the marriage relationship. Her concept of marriage underlies this argument. A stable marriage, she believes, is a partnership between a husband and a wife -- a marriage is a social contract between two individuals. A woman thus needs to have equal knowledge and sense, to maintain the partnership. A stable marriage also provides for the proper education of children
But Mary Wollstonecraft, in her Vindication, makes clear her position: only when woman and man are equally free, and woman and man are equally dutiful in exercise of their responsibilities to family and state, can there be true freedom. The essential reform necessary for such equality, Mary Wollstonecraft is convinced, is equal and quality education for woman -- an education which recognizes her duty to educate her own children, to be an equal partner with her husband in the family, and which recognizes that woman, like man, is a creature of both thought and feeling: a creature of reason.
womenshistory.about.com